Electrical devices and their effective use

At the moment, almost everyone wants to learn how to save electricity in everyday life.Energy saving in everyday life is in the popular way because it does not require any special investments, but can save considerably

Electricity tariffs grow all the time.Therefore, many people try to limit their costs.Now there is a large amount of special information that helps to comply with the basic rules of the culture of energy consumption.If you are interested, you can read about the reactivity via compensation.

Savings in lighting public places

To solve such a problem, you usually have to set the motion sensors.You will help to only include the light in the required period.If such devices are covered in the entrance, you have to remember that your house is able to save a considerable amount of funds.If necessary, you can also save your funds considerably.To carry out this process, you must install a semiconductor diode in a cable width.

Now the diode has to be placed in the circuit breaker.The diode carries out a certain amount of electricity through itself.The voltage is significantly reduced and you can save your funds accordingly.

Electricity savings when using household appliances

Electricity in everyday life is 9-10% of all necessary energy.And although the possibilities of energy saving (compared to heating and hot water) are limited when using the household electrical engineering, but according to the invoices you have paid, you can see that this type of energy is relative to streets.When buying the household electrical engineering, pay attention to energy consumption and compare different models and manufacturers.

In a 4 -year -old family 1/5 electricity it will take care of things and clothing.The use of modern technology and a change in our habits save up to 40% of the electricity

Energy saving in the kitchen

If you want to use an electric kettle, it is not necessary to fill it to the end.Water must be poured in such quantities that it is sufficient for a certain period of time.This must be done in such a way that the kettle does not use any additional electricity.If you plan to use an electrical stove, you have to remember that, in order to save a significant tool, you have to choose dishes that completely correspond to the size of the plate.If you are interested, you can also read about the energy storage of thermostats.

The main directions of energy saving in everyday life

Depending on the climatic conditions, the type and size of the apartment system, the heating systems, the availability of gas specific measures can vary to save resources.But the main instructions for increasing energy efficiency in everyday life are:

• Heat savings.Isolation of walls, ceilings and cellars.Seal windows and doors through new metal plastic or old sealing, sealing tears and holes.Installation behind the heating battery from aluminum film or heat -reflecting screen.Replacing cast iron heaters with bimetallic or aluminum.Loggia and balcony glazing.All measures in the complex contribute to increasing the temperature in space by 4 to 5 degrees without increasing the costs of the Engir koiner.
• Save water.Installation of the measuring device consumed water.Replacing rotational cranes of mixers with lever switch.Check and repair the drain tank in the toilet, installation of a two -dead tank.Take a bath less often, use a shower more.Do not switch on the water with a full current, without much need.If you shave and brush your teeth, close the crane.Use the dishwasher and washing machine with relatively complete charging.In general, it is possible to reduce the water flow 3-4 times.
• Gas savings.In the case of individual gas heating, all measures automatically lead to gas savings to maintain heat and hot water.When cooking, it is rational to use modern stainless steel dishes with a polished soil.All dishes should correspond clean and even the size of the burner.Check the adjacent density of the oven door so that the hot air does not come out.The view of the cost reduction is 2-3 times.

Energy storage lighting devices

Usually apartments with long corridors use lighting that is constantly burning.To save, you need to use incandescent lamps with energy.These lamps have a long guarantee and you can therefore definitely save considerable means.If you plan to choose high quality lamps, you should choose a good manufacturer.

If you plan to save significant means, you only have to use light wallpapers.Try not to neglect the natural light in your house.

Energy consumption in everyday life - where can I save?

The lion's share - 79% for the heating of the premises, 15% of energy for heat heating, cooking, etc.) is spent from the total energy consumption in everyday life, 5% of the energy consumes electrical household appliances and 1% energy are consumed for lighting, radio and television.

What is 1 kW of energy?

You need 1 kW of energy to:

• 50 hours to hear radio;
• Shave 110 hours with an electric forehead;
• Leave a light of 60 watts for 17 hours.
• For 12 hours, look at a color TV;
• Vacuum 2 hours;
• Take a 5-minute shower;
• Heat a full bath water (150 l) with 6 degrees.

Safe working with electricity in everyday life

Electricity has been serving for almost two centuries in almost two centuries, and from year to year its role in the life of a modern person has increased steadily.We can also courageously say that electricity is currently permeated in almost the most important areas of life in modern society.

The widespread use of electrical energy is initially associated with a relatively simple mechanism in other types of energy.With the help of a variety of types of heaters, a person can receive thermal energy for cooking or heating the premises.In lighting devices, electrical energy turns into light, and with the help of an electric motor we easily transform the energy of the current into mechanical energy.

With all of this, however, it is necessary to constantly remember that a significant threat to human life and health can be hidden behind the visible harmlessness and simplicity of electrical energy.When using various mechanisms to convert electricity, one should not forget for a minute that precautionary measures and safe methods for working in electrical circuits and household appliances work in these circuits.

The situation in which the electrical current cannot see or hear, considerably complicated.We can only recognize the presence of electrical current in the ladder with the help of measuring devices that are specially designed for these purposes.

Therefore, the first condition for the correct use of electrical electricity energy should be the mandatory compliance with the elementary rules and techniques for safe work.The study of the causes of electriumism in everyday life shows that these causes are not in great diversity and have not changed for several decades.

The main causes of electrianism in everyday life are:

• Violation of the basic rules and methods for working with electricity;
• Operation of incorrect household appliances;
• Light handling of electrical installations in the personal property;
• Experiments to repair electrical devices and electrical wiring independently of people who do not have the necessary skills and qualifications.

It is necessary to remember the various of the most general rules, the compliance of which you enable you to protect yourself from all possible problems that often occur during the operation of household appliances:

1. Very often the cause of the electric shock is the insulation of the electrical cables (or electroshnuer) in the places to which they are accessible to touch them.For this reason, it is necessary to regularly carry out an external inspection of the electrical wiring and to check the insulation resistance of its cables.If the insulation violation is determined, you must take the most urgent measures to restore.
2. All electrical circuits must be protected with automatic circuit breakers or smooth inserts, which are installed in the corresponding lines (in the distribution signs of the house or apartment), short -distance lines and overcharge.The current installations of these devices should be calibrated in such a way that the protective devices are triggered in streams that exceed the specified values.
3. The operation of Apartment Electrical Networks is only possible with fully maintained installation elements of the wiring (sockets, distribution boxes, switches, etc.).
4. Network cables from household appliances in damage or reducing conductive cores can be very heated, which is often the cause of the fire of the cables.It is therefore necessary to carefully monitor the maintenance of the wires and forks of network cables.
5. Before repairing the failed electrical device, this electrical device must be switched off from the network.However, the most optimal solution in this case is the invitation of a qualified specialist who eliminates the malfunction quickly and efficiently.
6. It is necessary to monitor the presence of the protective grounding of all metal parts and houses of electrical installations very carefully.The protective grounding reliably protects you from electric shock if the electrical wiring insulation violates and if the network voltage appears in the ELECTRical appliance case.

Chronology of practical use of electricity

Almost at the same time, electricity theory begins with the history of the practical application of electricity.In 1809 the Englishman Delaru built the first light bulb with a tungsten thread.However, this lamp differs from modern incandescent lamps such as a cart wheel from the boat slopes.

65 years passed until July 11, 1874, Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin did not patent the first light bulb in a vacuum piston.In general, lamps were invented as "hot cakes" in this decade of the 19th century.

This is the Drichson lamp (the improved Lodin lamp) and the Yablochkov candle (the first lamp in which it was not necessary to maintain the distance between the electrodes) and the Edison lamp with a platinum thread from light lamps 1879.

However, according to Lodygin in 1890, platform threads could not be used much of the incandescent gears made of fire -resistant materials in 1890: molybdenum and tungsten.Wolfram threads still shed light on most of humanity.

The industrial production of incandescent lamps began in 1905. Industrial production was possible on the basis of patent No. 34541 by two Hungary: Sandora Eustor and Frano Hanaman in 1904.

The practical use of electricity does not only apply to the lighting of houses and streets.AC structurers are created, electric motors are created, which are first operated by DC and then asynchronous engines by alternating current.

However, the basis for the basic use of electricity is the development or production of electrical current with electrical stations.The first power plant was an electrical generator of the transforming energy of a steam engine in electrical energy.

Initially, electrical generators delivered electricity for separate factories, workshops.The first city power plants were built in 1880.The first power plant was built in New York in 1882 under the direction of the same Edison.

Saving with the help of an appropriate self -in -law can be considerable amounts of money.Let us meet in everyday life with some simple but effective methods of saving energy.

Heat savings

By insulating window and door blocks, you can increase the temperature in apartments and houses by 4-5 ° C and give up the electrical heating, which consumes up to 4000 kW ∙ H during the season.There are several simple insulation methods:

• Flakes of cracks in window frames and doors.For this purpose, mounting foams, self-bound sealing bands, silicone and acrylic sealants etc. are used.The result is an increase in the air temperature in the room by 1-2 degrees;
• Sealing of the narthex of windows and doors with the help of various self -strength seals and seals.The window seal is not only carried out by the scope, but also between the frames.The result is an increase in the temperature of the room by 1 to 3 degrees;
• Installation of new plastic or wooden windows with double windows with several chamber, glass with heat film and ventilation devices.Then the temperature in the room in winter and summer will be stable.The air - fresh, the need to open the window regularly disappears and throws a large volume of warm air.The result is an increase in the temperature in the room by 2-5 degrees and a decrease in the level of the street noise.
• Installation of the second door at the entrance to the apartment (house).The result is an increase in the temperature in the room by 1-2 degrees, a decrease in the external intoxication and gas content;
• Installation of a heating screen (or aluminum film) on the wall behind the heating cooler.Das Ergebnis ist ein Temperaturanstieg im Raum um 1 Grad.Try not to close the coolers with thick curtains, screens and furniture.Die Wärme wird im Raum effizienter verteilt.Ersetzen Sie Gusseisen-Heizkörper durch Aluminium: Ihre Wärmeübertragung ist 40-50% höher.If the radiators are installed taking into account the comfortable distance, it is possible to rinse them regularly, which also helps to increase heat transfer.The glazing of the balcony or the loggia corresponds to the installation of an additional window.This creates a thermal buffer with an between 10 ° C higher than on the street in heavy frost.It is not unusual if there is a problem with a lack of warmth, but with its surplus.Die Lösung ist die Installation von Thermostat auf Kühler.

Electrical energy savings

Replace ordinary incandescent lamps with LED.Your lifespan is 20 times more than the incandescent lamp, the consumption is 8 times lower.The light pays 8-10 times during operation.Use local lamps if no general lighting is required.Take in a rule, let the room leave and delete the light.Disconnect devices that are in standby mode for a long time.TV, computers and music centers in standby mode consume energy from 3 to 10 W ∙ H.In the course of the year, this equipment, including chargers in sockets, will deliver additional energy consumption of 200 to 300 kWh.

Use the technology of energy efficiency at least A. The additional energy consumption for household appliances outdated structures is approximately 50%.

Do not install the refrigerator next to a gas stove or a heating cooler.This increases energy consumption by a refrigerator by 20-30%.The refrigerator seal should fit cleanly and firmly on the body and door.Even a small gap in the seal increases energy consumption by 20-30%.Cool to room temperature products before placement in the refrigerator.Don't forget to build up the refrigerator more often

Do not close the refrigerator cooler and let the gap between the room wall and the rear wall of the refrigerator so that it can cool down freely.

If you have an electric stove in your kitchen, make sure that his burners do not deform and close close to the bottom of the heated dishes.This eliminates the excessive consumption of heat and electricity.

Do not switch on the stove in advance and switch it off a little earlier than necessary to prepare the court.Cook as much water in an electric kettle as you have to use it.

Use bright colors if you decorate the walls of the apartment.Light walls, light curtains, clean windows, a reasonable number of colors reduce the lighting costs by 10-15%.

Write down the measured values of electricity measuring devices and analyze how power consumption is reduced.

Switch off the computer or transfer the sleep mode if the constant operation is not necessary.With the continuous round work, the computer consumes 70–120 kW per month.If necessary, continuous operation is more efficient to use a laptop or a computer with reduced energy consumption.In general, it is quite possible to reduce electricity consumption by 40-50% without reducing the quality of life and damage to habits.

Save water

Make sure you install water meters.This will motivate to reduce the water flow.Install the lever switch on the taps instead of rotary cranes.The saving of water is 10-15% plus convenience when choosing the temperature.Do not switch on the water for full pressure.In 90% of the cases, a small beam is quite sufficient, the water consumption is reduced by 4-5 times.Turn off the water when washing and showering if it is not necessary.The shower takes 10 to 20 times less water to accept the bathroom.Significant water savings occurs when two Threshold drain tanks are used.It is necessary to carefully check the presence of water leaks from the drainage container from the old accessories.Replacing accessories is not a very expensive event, but water savings are considerable.Due to a thin stream of leaks, you can lose several cubic meters of water per month.In general, a reduction in water consumption is four times - the task is quite realized and low.

Gas savings

The gas savings are primarily relevant when gas knives are installed in the apartments.There are individual heating points.In this case, all measures lead to savings of heat and hot water.When cooking, there are also ways to save gas:

• The flame of the burner should not go beyond the bottom of the pan, pan, cauldron, otherwise they heat the air in the apartment (50% or more).
• The deformed bottom of the dishes leads to a gas that is overtaken up to 50%.
• The dishes in which the food is prepared should be clean and not buried.Contaminated dishes need 4-6 times more gas for cooking.
• Use economic dishes, these properties are usually displayed by the manufacturer.Most energy management products are made of stainless steel with polished soil, especially with a copper layer or aluminum.Aluminum dishes, enamel with teflon coating is uneconomical;
• The oven door should fit firmly into the body of the plate and do not release the hot air.In general, the single economic use of gas delivers a reduction in consumption by 2 -times the use of the proposed measures - about three times.

Energy efficiency for modern society is an axiom.The economic use of heat, electricity, water and gas enables you to reduce your own costs and to improve the environmental situation on the entire planet.

Diploma

The relatively not elongated but quick development of practical use of electricity is undoubtedly the greatest performance of humanity.But no matter which grandiose power plants work in our country, everyone where there is far.For the consumer, the main and family is the electrician in his apartment and house.How to make electrical cabling in an apartment and a house that are used for home needs, how to produce electrical devices, how to repair an electrician with your own hands.